Review




Structured Review

Proteostasis Therapeutics clusterin
Clusterin, supplied by Proteostasis Therapeutics, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/clusterin/pm41800565-553-5-10
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
clusterin - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
86/100 stars

Images

Related Articles

Clinical Proteomics:

Article Title: The Plasma Proteome Fingerprint Associated with Circulating Carotenoids and Retinol in Older Adults.
Article Snippet: .. The plasma proteomic fingerprint associated with elevated circulating carotenoids in older adults is characterized by proteins that are known to be related to sirtuins (NAMPT, CCNB1), inflammation and oxidative stress (CCNB1, SOD2, IL1RAP, CNDP1), iron metabolism (HAMP, ferritin), proteostasis (clusterin, CTSV, ACY1, CLU), innate immunity (ficolin-2), and longevity (CRP, GDF15, THBS2). ..

Transduction:

Article Title: Inflammation, Extracellular Matrix Remodeling, and Proteostasis in Tumor Microenvironment
Article Snippet: .. In addition, we sought to explore the role of extracellular chaperones, especially of clusterin which is one of the most prominent in the extracellular space, in proteostasis and signaling transduction in the tumor microenvironment. ..

Inhibition:

Article Title: The clusterin connectome: Emerging players in chondrocyte biology and putative exploratory biomarkers of osteoarthritis
Article Snippet: .. Clusterin is a moonlighting protein because, in addition to its conventional role as an extracellular chaperone in proteostasis, it is involved in a variety of other functions, including cell survival, complement inhibition, and cell differentiation ( ). ..

Cell Differentiation:

Article Title: The clusterin connectome: Emerging players in chondrocyte biology and putative exploratory biomarkers of osteoarthritis
Article Snippet: .. Clusterin is a moonlighting protein because, in addition to its conventional role as an extracellular chaperone in proteostasis, it is involved in a variety of other functions, including cell survival, complement inhibition, and cell differentiation ( ). ..

other:

Article Title: Secretogranin II-Derived Peptide Secretoneurin Differentially Stimulates Luteinizing Hormone Secretion by Age and Sex in Ex Vivo Murine Pituitaries†.
Article Snippet: Secretoneurin (SN) is a small, bioactive proteolytic product of secretogranin II (SCG2), a chromogranin protein involved in secretory vesicle packaging.. SCG2 co-aggregates with luteinizing hormone (LH) in pituitary gonadotrope secretory granules and thus has long been D ow naded rom http/academ ic.p.com /biolreprod/advance/10.1093/biolre/ioag058/8512077 by BD -FLC H -U SP user on 15 M arch 2026 UN CO RR EC TE D MA NU SC RI PT 4 associated with GnRH-regulated LH secretion.. Previously, the SCG2-derived peptide SN has been identified as a regulator of LH production and secretion in fish and a murine gonadotropelike cell line (LβT2).

Methylation:

Article Title: Gerobiotics: probiotics targeting fundamental aging processes
Article Snippet: .. Guerville et al. [ ] , Genomic instability:Micronucleus assay Epigenetic alterations:DNA methylation Nutrient sensing: Sirtuin 1 Cellular Senescence: P16INK4A Inter. Communication: Inflammasomes, IMM-AGE score , , Telomere attrition: Telomere length Loss of proteostasis: Clusterin Mitochondrial dysfunction: GDF-15, Apelin Stem cell exhaustion:COP. ..

In Vivo:

Article Title: Amyloid β-protein and Alzheimer's Disease: When Computer Simulations Complement Experimental Studies
Article Snippet: .. This Alzheimer's disease mechanism is corroborated by the recent discovery of co-localization of clusterin with extracellular amyloid deposits containing Aβ. ( 350 ) It has indeed been suggested that clusterin may interplay in a novel extracellular proteostasis system, in which a series of extracellular chaperones bind to misfolded proteins in vivo to keep them soluble and to inhibit the formation of toxic aggregates in order to facilitate their bulk uptake and degradation via receptor-mediated endocytosis. ( 398 ) The Aβ-clusterin interactions remain to be studied by computer means. ..



Similar Products

93
Proteintech anti clu
Anti Clu, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/Clusterin+Antibody/pm41910526-47-30-34
Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
anti clu - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
93/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

93
R&D Systems vitronectin
(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for <t>vitronectin,</t> MMP2, and clusterin. Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.
Vitronectin, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/Mouse+Clusterin+Antibody/bio_rxiv__64898__2026__03__19__712761-240-18-19
Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
vitronectin - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
93/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

93
R&D Systems clusterin
(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and <t>clusterin.</t> Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.
Clusterin, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/Mouse+Clusterin+Antibody/bio_rxiv__64898__2026__03__19__712761-240-14-15
Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
clusterin - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
93/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

86
Mimetics irisin bdnf metformin aicar mirnas sam clusterin
(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and <t>clusterin.</t> Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.
Irisin Bdnf Metformin Aicar Mirnas Sam Clusterin, supplied by Mimetics, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/metformin/pmc13028801-3-56-55
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
irisin bdnf metformin aicar mirnas sam clusterin - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
86/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

86
Proteostasis Therapeutics clusterin
(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and <t>clusterin.</t> Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.
Clusterin, supplied by Proteostasis Therapeutics, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/clusterin/pm41800565-553-5-10
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
clusterin - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
86/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

94
Elabscience Biotechnology human clu clusterin elisa kit
(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and <t>clusterin.</t> Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.
Human Clu Clusterin Elisa Kit, supplied by Elabscience Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/Human+CLU+(Clusterin)+ELISA+Kit/pmc12979739-326-0-13
Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
human clu clusterin elisa kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
94/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

93
Proteintech clu
(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and <t>clusterin.</t> Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.
Clu, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/Clusterin+Antibody/pmc12948417-249-25-26
Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
clu - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
93/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

93
R&D Systems clu
(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and <t>clusterin.</t> Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.
Clu, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/clusterin/Mouse+Clusterin+Antibody/pmc12996666-91-20-23
Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
clu - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
93/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

Image Search Results


(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and clusterin. Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Loss of Lamp2a-dependent chaperone-mediated autophagy drives dry AMD-like retinal pathology in mice and is rescued by BK channel activation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.19.712761

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and clusterin. Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against LC3B (Sigma, L8918-200UL), actin (Proteintech, 66009-1-Ig), PLIN2 (Proteintech, 15294-1-AP), fibronectin (Invitrogen, PA5-29578), clusterin (R&D systems, AF2747), vitronectin (R&D Systems, MAB38751), and p62 (Abnova, H00008878-M01; CST, 5114), Lamp2a (Abcam, ab125068), Lamp2b (Abcam, ab13524), Iba1 (Fujifilm Wako, 019-19741), Laminin (Sigma, L9393) and ApoE (Abcam, ab183596) were used in this study.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Fluorescence, Western Blot

(A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and clusterin. Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Loss of Lamp2a-dependent chaperone-mediated autophagy drives dry AMD-like retinal pathology in mice and is rescued by BK channel activation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.19.712761

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing ApoE and PLIN2 staining (green). Scale bar = 30 µm. Lamp2a -/- mice showed increased staining of both proteins compared with WT mice, which was markedly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (B) Bar graph showing quantification of ApoE fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n = 7 mice). (C) Bar graph showing quantification of PLIN2 immunofluorescence signal (n = 5 mice). (D) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images showing staining for vitronectin, MMP2, and clusterin. Scale bar = 30 µm. Compared with WT mice, Lamp2a -/- mice showed markedly increased immunoreactivity for these proteins, which was significantly reduced by GLA-1-1 treatment. (E) Bar graph showing quantification of MMP2 fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=5 mice). (F) Bar graph showing quantification of vitronectin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (G) Bar graph showing quantification of clusterin fluorescence intensity (mean gray value) (n=7 mice). (H) Representative immunoblots showing protein levels of ApoE, clusterin, vitronectin, and PLIN2 in RPE/choroid lysates. Bar graphs showing immunoblot quantification of protein levels of vitronectin (I), clusterin (J), ApoE (K), and PLIN2 (L) in RPE/choroid lysates (n = 3 mice per group). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Values are expressed as mean ± SD.

Article Snippet: Antibodies against LC3B (Sigma, L8918-200UL), actin (Proteintech, 66009-1-Ig), PLIN2 (Proteintech, 15294-1-AP), fibronectin (Invitrogen, PA5-29578), clusterin (R&D systems, AF2747), vitronectin (R&D Systems, MAB38751), and p62 (Abnova, H00008878-M01; CST, 5114), Lamp2a (Abcam, ab125068), Lamp2b (Abcam, ab13524), Iba1 (Fujifilm Wako, 019-19741), Laminin (Sigma, L9393) and ApoE (Abcam, ab183596) were used in this study.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Fluorescence, Western Blot